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Your ecosystem guide / Starknet

Starknet: STRK, Bitcoin and network applications

Starknet is an Ethereum Layer 2 for swaps, lending, perpetual futures and games. It executes Cairo transactions and sends proofs of their validity to Ethereum. STRK pays fees and participates in staking; Bitcoin enters applications through BTC wrappers.

Execution
Cairo; non-EVM
Verified on 06.10.2026
Network fees
STRK
Verified on 13.10.2026
Proof verification
Ethereum
Verified on 13.10.2026

Starknet Mainnet: an account network with STRK fees

Starknet Mainnet executes Cairo smart contracts and submits validity proofs to Ethereum. User accounts are smart contracts on Starknet.

Network
Starknet Mainnet · Ethereum L2
Contract execution
Cairo
Transaction fee asset
STRK on Starknet
Separate test environment
Starknet Sepolia

Your first transfer

A wallet first. Then funds.

Starknet uses its own smart contracts and the Cairo language. Your first transfer needs a Starknet wallet address; adding a network in MetaMask does not create one.

01

Create a wallet

Ready and Braavos support Starknet. MetaMask connects through the Starknet Snap. Copy the receiving address from your chosen wallet.

02

Fund from an exchange

Select the Starknet network when withdrawing STRK from an exchange. STRK pays for operations involving any token: transfers, swaps and staking.

03

Or bridge from Ethereum

For assets on Ethereum, use StarkGate: connect wallets for both networks and select a token. Sending from Ethereum requires ETH on Ethereum.

Why can a new Starknet wallet need an account deployment?

A wallet can calculate its Starknet receiving address before its account contract is deployed. Deploying that account is an onchain action with a fee. With DEPLOY_ACCOUNT, the fee is paid from the new account address, so that address needs funds before deployment.

01

Use the wallet’s Starknet address

Copy the receiving address supplied by the Starknet wallet. It identifies the account that will hold the funds.

02

Fund and activate the account

Send STRK over Starknet to that address. Follow the wallet’s deployment or activation step and leave STRK for later operations.

The cost of bringing STRK from an exchange

The exchange charges the withdrawal fee. Once STRK reaches your wallet, transactions follow Starknet’s fee rules.

Withdrawal fees to Starknet
Coin Exchange Network on the exchange Fee Minimum Withdrawals Action
STRK Kraken STARKNET 0.01 0.5 Open Withdraw
STRK Binance STARKNET 0.1 2 Open Withdraw
STRK Bybit STARKNET 0.1 0.1 Open Withdraw
STRK OKX STARKNET 0.17 0.1 Open Withdraw
STRK Bitget STARKNET 1.29971407 129.97140629 Open Withdraw
STRK HTX STARKNET 1.5 1 Closed Withdraw
STRK KuCoin STARKNET 10 20 Open Withdraw
Exchange data as of 14.10.2026 22:37
Moving funds back

To return to an exchange, open its STRK deposit page, select Starknet and send tokens to the receiving address. For a manual StarkGate withdrawal, request it on Starknet, wait for confirmation and complete it with a separate Ethereum transaction. Automatic Withdrawal lets the service complete the final step.

How StarkGate withdrawals work ↗

Reasons to use the network

Swap, borrow, trade, play.

Starknet supports token swaps, lending, borrowing against collateral and perpetual futures. Games use the same network to run their rules and track ownership of items.

Swaps and liquidity

AVNU

Finds swap routes across Starknet liquidity sources and can split one trade between them. It also supports recurring token purchases.

Swaps and liquidity

Ekubo

Swaps through concentrated liquidity pools: liquidity providers select the price range in which their assets participate in trades.

Lending

Vesu

Lending through separate pools. Supply assets to earn interest or borrow another token against collateral; parameters are set for each pool.

Staking

Endur

Converts STRK into xSTRK and supported BTC wrappers into liquid staking tokens. Rewards increase the underlying assets redeemable per token.

Perpetual futures

Extended

A perpetual futures exchange. Trading funds are held in Starknet smart contracts, while trades and collateral movements are validated and settled on the network.

Games

Cartridge / Dojo

Dojo helps developers put game rules and state onchain. Cartridge Controller provides player access and session permissions without requiring a signature for every move.

STRK pays fees, stakes and votes.

A Starknet wallet can hold STRK, ETH, stablecoins and Bitcoin tokens. Each asset has a different job.

STRK

The network token

Pays for network operations. Holders delegate it to validators for staking and use it in protocol governance.

ETH

An asset from Ethereum

ETH can be held and swapped on Starknet. Bridging out of Ethereum requires ETH on the source network.

BTC

Bitcoin in applications

BTC wrappers can be traded, used as collateral and staked. For example, strkBTC brings Bitcoin to Starknet.

STRK ↗

Participating in the network

Two assets. Rewards in STRK.

Choose what to delegate to a validator: STRK or a supported Bitcoin token on Starknet. Validators track and attest to blocks; participants share newly minted STRK rewards.

I hold STRK

  1. 01STRK in your wallet
  2. 02STRK delegation pool
  3. 03STRK rewards

Choose a validator and deposit STRK into its pool. Delegators do not need to run a node.

I hold Bitcoin

  1. 01A BTC token on Starknet
  2. 02A pool for your BTC wrapper
  3. 03STRK rewards

First bring BTC to Starknet in a supported form. When you exit, you receive the same BTC wrapper you deposited.

The source of rewards

Newly minted STRK

The protocol mints STRK according to a formula based on staking participation. Validators deduct their commission from delegators’ rewards.

Exiting direct staking

After requesting an exit, funds remain locked for 7 days and stop earning rewards. You can then withdraw them to your wallet.

Want a token you can use in DeFi?

Endur issues xSTRK for deposited STRK. You can trade it or use it in applications, while accrued rewards are reflected in its exchange rate to STRK. An immediate exit through a swap depends on liquidity and price.

xSTRK ↗

How Bitcoin enters DeFi.

BTCFi connects Bitcoin, staking and lending. One route uses strkBTC and Endur, then a Vesu lending market.

BTC

Bring Bitcoin across

A bridge converts Bitcoin into strkBTC, a Starknet token you can send and use in applications.

xstrkBTC

Receive a staking token

Endur issues xstrkBTC for deposited strkBTC. It swaps STRK rewards into strkBTC and stakes them again, increasing the strkBTC redeemable per xstrkBTC.

USDC

Borrow against collateral

In a Vesu pool supporting xstrkBTC, supply it as collateral and borrow USDC. Interest and collateral limits depend on the market.

Borrowing keeps collateral in the protocol. If its value becomes insufficient to cover the debt, the position is liquidated under the pool’s rules.

Bitcoin routes on Starknet ↗

Many operations. One proof.

Starknet executes transactions separately from Ethereum and combines their verification into a mathematical STARK proof. Ethereum verifies the proof and accepts the state update.

L2

Starknet

Executes Cairo smart contracts: transfers, swaps, loans and game actions.

STARK

A proof of computation

Verifies that balance changes and other records follow the execution rules.

L1

Ethereum

Verifies the proof. Published data changes allow the Starknet state to be reconstructed.

Primary source ↗

Why was STRK charged when my Starknet operation failed?

A transaction marked REVERTED reached execution and pays for resources used before it failed. Changes from the failed execution are rolled back, while the fee remains charged. A failure during account validation is rejected before execution and does not charge the account a fee.

ResultWhat happenedFee
Failed account validation The operation was rejected before execution. No account fee.
REVERTED Execution failed; its state changes were rolled back. Resources used before failure are charged.
SUCCEEDED The operation executed successfully. The receipt records the actual fee.

The economics of a transaction

Where the STRK fee goes

The network fee covers Starknet computation and data, plus publishing changes to Ethereum. An application may also charge for a swap or another service.

Starknet

Where does the money go?

A transfer or smart contract call

User

Signs a transaction with a Starknet wallet

Network fee in STRK

Starknet sequencer

Orders transactions and includes them in blocks

Starknet sequencer

An operator expense from collected funds

Publishing data and settlement on Ethereum

Ethereum

Base layer expenses are paid in ETH

Primary source ↗
Why does a wallet sometimes offer another token?

A paymaster can accept another token from the user or sponsor the transaction. At the Starknet level, the fee is still calculated and transferred in STRK.

AVNU ↗

In a block. Then on Ethereum.

The explorer status shows a transaction’s stage. Execution on Starknet and final confirmation on Ethereum are separate steps.

01

PRE_CONFIRMED

The transaction has been executed; its receipt is available before the block is finalized.

02

ACCEPTED_ON_L2

The transaction is included in a Starknet block and can be viewed in an explorer.

03

ACCEPTED_ON_L1

Ethereum has accepted the state update containing this transaction after verifying the proof.

Questions before your first transfer

1Can I just add Starknet to MetaMask?

Starknet uses Cairo and its own account system. MetaMask requires the Starknet Snap; Ready and Braavos support the network directly.

2Which token pays Starknet fees?

STRK. A paymaster can accept another token or sponsor a transaction, while network settlement still uses STRK.

3Which token pays Bitcoin staking rewards?

STRK. You stake a supported BTC wrapper on Starknet. Direct staking returns the same BTC wrapper you deposited.

4What is xSTRK?

Endur’s liquid staking token. It represents deposited STRK and accrued rewards; the amount of STRK redeemable depends on the current xSTRK-to-STRK exchange rate.

5Is an exchange withdrawal fee the same as Starknet gas?

The exchange sets its withdrawal fee and minimum amount. After funds arrive, wallet transactions incur a separate network fee.

6How do I move tokens back to Ethereum?

Use StarkGate. For a manual withdrawal, request it on Starknet, wait for confirmation and complete it on Ethereum; this step requires ETH on Ethereum. Automatic Withdrawal lets the service complete the final step.

Who builds the network and its applications

StarkWare develops Starknet’s technology. Protocol changes are discussed on the community forum; application developers explain their mechanics in their documentation.

Facts checked 13 October 2026